The state of Chad is located in the Central Africa. In the north of the country there are deserted and semideserted areas of Sahara. The climate in different areas of the country is various. In northern areas of the country the temperature during the summer period reaches +50 °С and in the winter it’s +15 … +35 °С. In IX-XIX centuries on these territories there were states of Kanem, Bornu, Vadai. In 1904 these lands have been occupied by the French colonizers. In 1960 Chad was proclaimed the independent country. Nowadays Chad is presidential republic. The country is divided into 14 administrative prefectures. The main part of the population is occupied in agriculture. Farmers basically grow up cotton which goes for export. For internal needs they grow up millet and rice. Animal industries basically are nomadic. Tibesti Upland is a unique natural monument. It is a grandiose congestion of crystal breeds, and at top there are numerous volcanic cones.