Formerly known as Rio Vermelho (Red River), Rondonópolis is the third-largest city in Mato Grosso. It is located around 215 km (133 miles) from Cuiabá the capital of the state. According to the Brazilian census in 2000 the town had 155,000 people, but due to a huge development the population is estimated to be almost 200,000 inhabitants. The city is growing quickly because too many industries settled down there and the soybean plantation is considered a "new gold rush" in the region, attracting emigrants from distant regions of Brazil. These people are from the South and Southeast regions who used to work with cattle ranching.